Thursday, November 17, 2011

More on Recommendation of Nobel Prize of Rabindranath (contd-1)

After writing the third phase of his recommendation, Per Hallstrom  approached the Nobel Library of Stock Home for further information about Rabindranath Tagore. Being requested  The Times Book Club of 376 to 384, Oxford Street of  West London ,  contacted with the publisher Macmillan of Rabindranath. Afterwards the Secretary of the Times Book Club, G.F.James wrote to Strangways on 20th May, 1913,
" We have been referred to you by Messrs. Macmillan in connection with an enquiry we have received for a list of books in the Bengali language by Rabindranath Tagore, also for any articles  which have appeared either dealing with this author or his work. If you could assist us in answering the enquiry we should be very greatly obliged. I may add that the enquiry comes from the Nobel Library at Stockholm, and that the fullest possible information is likely to be of use to Mr. Rabindranath Tagore in that quarter."
Having received this letter Fox Strangways sent the paper cuttings containing the criticism about Rabindranath published in the papers The Times, The Fortnightly Review, The Nineteenth Century etc.Per Hallstrom wrote his second part of recommendation on Gitanjali..
   Harald Gabriel Hjärne (Klastorp, Skövde 2 May 1848 – Uppsala 6 January 1922) was a Swedish historian.Hjärne held one of the chairs of history at Uppsala University from 1889 until 1913, and was a member of the Swedish Academy from 1903. He was a member of the Second Chamber of the Riksdag 1902-1908 and of its First Chamber 1912-1918.
But the Nobel Committee under the chairmanship of Harald Hjarne did not approve the name of Rabindranath Tagore for the Nobel prize.
Gunnar Ahlstrom informed that in total 28 recommendations were submitted for Nobel Prize for Literature this year.
The following are the names of the candidates with their recommendations against each of them as the contestants for the prize;
1. Thoma Hardy (1840-1928) - Recommended by 97 members of the Royal Society of Literature of England,
2.  Benito Perez Galdos (1843-1920) - Recommended by 700 persons from Spain.
3. Carl Spitteler (1845-1922) - from Switzerland,
4. Grazia Deledda (1875 - 1936) - from Italy, 5. Earnest Lavisse (1842 - 1924) - from France, 6. Pierre Loti (1850 - 1923)  and 7. Antole France (1844 - 1924) - from Germany. Apart from these there were names from Denmark, Finland, Sweden, Belgium, etc.
High recommendations by Per Hallstrom about Rabindranath was not able to mould the mind of Hjarne.
Later on Anders Osterling (1884 - 1981), permanent Secretary of Swidish Academy and a member of Nobel Committee wrote'
" It is true that Harald Hjarne , the then Chairman of the Committee, was unwilling to commit himself and expressed the opinion that it must be difficult to decide how much in Tagore's enchanting poetry was his own personal creation and how much must be attributed to the classical traditions of Indian literature. Therefore the Committee gave serious consideration in the first place to another author who had been proposed, Emile Faguet (1847-1916), the French literary historian and moralist."
There was a member in the Swedish Academy who knew Bengali, he was an old man and an orientalist, Esaias Henrik Vilhelm Tegner (1843 - 1928),  the grandson of the famous poet of Sweden -  Esaias Tegner (1782 - 1846).    He, too, could not convince the other members of the Nobel Committee.
When the Swedish Academy comprising of Professors, Bishops, Government Officials, writers etc placed its decision, the  contemporary and most famous poet of Sweden, Carl Gustaf Verner von Heidenstam (1859 - 1940), a nominated member ( just nominated on 26.9.1912 and got Nobel prize for Literature on 1916, there was no award on 1914 and 1915 due to war) of Swedish Academy came forward in support of Rabindranath Tagore. He was moved by reading Gitanjali translated by Anrea Butenschon in Swedish.