Rabindranath's poem in prose form - 1932

Rabindranath came to Santiniketan and began writing poems in Prose Form.He first published a poetical work in prose form namely "Parisesh". He thought this was his last work. But actually he started writing poems in new form and published another book "Punashcha"

He edited "Rathayatra" and "Siver Diksha" and renamed them as "Rather Rashi" and "Kabir Diksha". He compiled them in a single book, named "Kaler Yatra" and dedicated it to Sarat Chandra on his 57th birth day.











Yerwada Central Jail is a noted high-security jail in Yerwada, Pune, in Maharashtra. This is the largest jail in the state of Maharashtra, and also one of the largest prisons in South Asia, housing over 3,600 prisoners (2005) spread over various barracks and security zones, besides an open jail just outside its premises. Many famous personalities like Mahatma Gandhi have been jailed here during the Indian independence movement in 1930s and 1940s.

Gandhiji began fasting till death against the "divide and policy" rule in the communal line of the British  government introduced by the Prime Minister Ramsay Mc Donald.(James Ramsay MacDonald, PC, FRS (12 October 1866 – 9 November 1937) was a British statesman who was the first everLabour Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, leading a Labour Government in 1924, a Labour Government from 1929 to 1931, and aNational Government from 1931 to 1935) 

Rabindranath sent an wire saying, " it is worth of sacrificing precious life for the sake of India's Union...".. In reply to this message Gandhiji replied, "i was expecting such a blessing from my Gurudev."
At last MacDonald conceded to his demand. Rabindranath went to Poona with Amiya Chakrabarty and Surendranath Kar and sung the song, " Jibana Jakhan Sukaye jay, karuna dharay Eso" liked by  Gandhiji on 24th Sept,1932.
Rabindranath returned from Pune and stayed in Santiniketan and Khardah for about a month.

Grand son Nitindra Ganguly (son of Mira) died -1932

Rabindranath came to Calcutta from Baghdad by a Dutch plane with Pratima Devi on 3rd June, 1932 . His other accompaniments Amiya chandra and Kedar Nath stayed in Iraq for sight seeing.He had left Calcutta on 11th April, 1932. 

Having returned from Persia, he came to know that his only grand son (son of Mira) is suffering seriously due to illness in Germany. Nitindra was sent there for undergoing training in Printing Technology. Rabindranath sent Mira Devi to Germany to take care of him. But the only grandson of Rabindranath expired in Germany and the news came to him on 7th Aug, 1932.  Rabindranath was capable overcoming all the sorrows and sufferings in his life. He simply wrote a poem at the sudden death of his only grand son.

.Rabindranath was running , at that time,  serious economic stringency. He accepted, for the first time in his life, a salaried job - the post of professor , the chair "Ramtanu Lahiri" in the dept. of Bengali of Calcutta University This post was occupied by Prof. Dinesh Chandra Sen for long time. .  Calcutta University, on 6th Aug 1932, Rabindranath and observed his 71th birth day. He was also invited to deliver lectures on the series of "Kamala Lectures".

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Rabindranath in Iraq

( Baghdad City, a sideshow)
Rabinath passed the first night in Kajbin and the second night in Karminshah . He went there via Hamdan. He crossed the border Iran and reached on the railway station of Iraq.On 18th May he was greeted by a mamoth gathering in Bagdad station.

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He met the King Faijal.II of Iraq (Faisal II (Arabic: الملك فيصل الثاني Al-Malik Fayṣal Ath-thānī) (2 May 1935 – 14 July 1958) was the last King of Iraq. He reigned from 4 April 1939 until July 1958, when he was murdered during the 14 July Revolution together with numerous members of his family. This regicide marked the end of the thirty-seven-year-old Hashemite monarchy in Iraq. Afterwards the country became became a republic without any consent of the Iraqi people by democratic referendum)

One day he was invited in a lunch in the tent of Bedouin in the desert (The Bedouin (pron.: /ˈbɛdʉ.ɪn/; from the Arabic badawiyyīn, plural of badawī بَدَوِي, (other pl. forms badw بَدْو or badawiyyūn بَدَوِيُّون) are a part of a predominantly desert-dwelling Arabian ethnic group traditionally divided into tribes, or clans, known in Arabic as ʿašāʾir (عَشَائِر).)

He returned back to Calcutta on 3rd June, 1932..

Rabindranath in Tehran in April, 1932.

( slide show of Tehran) Rabindranath with his team came to Tehran on 29th April, 1932 . He stayed there for 15 days and attended 18 programmes. . One day he met the King Rezashah Pahlavi. it was was a gorgeous ceremony. He dedicated a newly constructed poem to the king. The birth day of the was observed there ceremoniously.  In the mean time, a king's messenger from Iraq came to the poet and invited him to come to Iraq. Rabindranath left Tehran on 16th May and started for Iraq on the same date. 

Rabindranath revived relation between India and Persia-1932

Pre-Islamic Persia and Vedic civilization era

The languages of the northern, western, central, and eastern regions of India belonging to the Indo-Aryan family have originated from the same source as the Iranian languages, namely the Indo-Iranian language family, that itself is a member of the Satem group of Indo-European languages. The Indo-Iranians were a semi-nomadic people originating from the Central Asian steppes, via the Oxus river valley, at c. 2000 BCE.^[10]

Vedic Indian people referred to themselves as Aryas. The word Arya in classical Sanskrit means "noble".^[11] Ancient central and northern India was also referred to as Aryavarta, meaning "abode of the Arya". Ancient Persian, such as Darius in his Behistun inscription, referred to themselves as (Ariya), from which the word "Iran" originates (such as Avestanairyanam vaejo meaning "expanse of the Aryans").

Vedic civilization began in India around 1500 BCE, with the Rigveda being the oldest of the Vedas. The Rigveda was composed in Vedic Sanskrit,

 ( Reza Shah Pahlavi - king of Persia)which is very similar to Avestan, the ancient language of the Persia Zoroastrian sacred text Avesta. According to the Vendidad (ch.1), the Ariya lived in sixteen countries, one of them being Hapta Hindu, which is the Avestan form of the Sanskrit Sapta Sindhu (Rigveda), meaning "seven rivers" and referring to the northwestern region of the Indian subcontinent. Ancient Vedic religion and Zoroastrianism also have much else in common.

The Vedas and the Avesta include the performance of sacrifice (Sanskrit yajna or Avestan yasna) and the importance of priests. Many myths that appear in the Yasht part of the Avesta have their roots in ancient Indo-Iranian culture.

At the invitation of the King of Persia, Reza Shah Pahlavi Rabindranath went to Persia (Iran) by plane accompanied by Amiya chakrabarty and Pratima Devi. 

Kedarnath Chattopadhyay went there in advance as because 4 tickets were not available on the specific date. The plane was flying by stopping in various airports, such as Allahabad, Jodhpur, Karachi etc, 

They  came down to Bushehr, the first big city of Persia. Then they had travel to Tehran by road because there was no rail-line from Persian Gulf to Caspian lake at that time.The gang of dacoits used to damage the roads and hence the King had to post armed securities. They stayed in Bushire for two days and then started for Shiraj with  the government armed securities by motor and reached Shiraj, one of the oldest city of Persia.

Bushehr lies in a vast plain running along the coastal (Rabindranath in Persia in 1932, pic-2) region on the Persian Gulf coast of southwestern Iran. It was the chief seaport of the country and is the administrative centre of its province. Its location is about 1,218 kilometres (757 mi) south of Tehran. The local climate is hot and humid.. It was the chief seaport of the country and is the administrative centre of its province. Its location is about 1,218 kilometres (757 mi) south of Tehran. 

The local administrator greeted Rabindranath in a lunch which was attended by Dinshah Irani of Bombay. Then they went for a long drive by motor. They came to Shiraj and offered flowers to the tomb of the poets Haffiz and Sadir.He stayed there for a week.. 

The German scholar Herzfeld (Ernst Emil Herzfeld, pic-6 (July 23, 1879–January 20, 1948) was a German archaeologist and Iranologist.) arranged a trip to Persepolis (Persepolis was the ceremonial capital of the Achaemenid Empire (ca. 550–330 BCE). Persepolis is situated 70 km northeast of the modern city of Shiraz in the Fars Province of modern Iran. The earliest remains of Persepolis date from around 515 BCE. UNESCO declared the citadel of Persepolis a World Heritage Site in 1979) for the poet to show him Iran's architect and Culture.

He then came to Ispahan where he was highly greeted and then to the capital of Persia, Tehran on 29th April
(Persepolis, pic-left)..
Herzfeld took Rabindranath to different important and attractive places of 

Percepolis a slide show

Rabindranath in 1931

After completing his 11th visit to abroad (Europe and America), from 26th March 1930 to 31st Jan 1931, Rabindranath came back to Santiniketan in Feb 1931. He again started writing songs. He wrote in a letter,
 " Now I am immersed in writing songs - my mind is bathing with the tunes of the lyrics like an insane. For the time being I could stop the passion of drawing pictures as well as writing poems.I am faced with surplas of wives but it becomes difficult for me to manage all of them at a time." With all these songs he compiled in a book, " Nabin" and staged the dance drama on Dolpurnima. On 16th March a "jujutsu" was shown in the theater hall, of New Empire hall.and Nabin  was staged on the same hall on 17,18,19, and 22 March.
He wrote 34 songs within 15 days of March and 30 days of April. He then passed a few days in the house of Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis and returned to Santiniketan at the end of the Bengali year.
He had done meditation on the 1st Baishakh in the temple of Santiniketan.
On 25th Baishakh, the birth day of the poet, he delivered a lecture , " I possess an introduction of my own, that is, I am a poet. I am not a spiritual guide or a political leader.I am a messenger of strnge. My duty is to express outside what I perceive in my heart."
He published " Russiar Chithi" and dedicated it on the occasion of marriage ceremony.of Surendranath Kar, the painter.
He passed his days in Darjeeling for 15days in the month of May and 30 days in the month of June.He sent a poetry to the  prisoners of the fort of Bauxer who celebrated the birth day of Rabindranath. He met Nazrul, Manmatha Roy and Akhil Niyogi.
He came back to Santiniketan and wrote an essay on "Hindu and Muslim". He enunciated the strained relation between the two communities and prescribed the remedy for its recovery.
He went to Bhopal for financial help to Santiniketan and came back unsuccessfully.
He was awarded a title of "Sovereign Poet" by the College of Sanskrit.
On Sept 1931, the poet delivered lecture in the open Maidan at the foot of the Monument condemning the murder of two prisoners in Hijli Jail.
He published two vo;lumes of Gitabitan containing 1128 songs.
At the request of Prafulla Chandra Roy, he wrote an essay on " The weavers of Bengal"..
The poet wrote a short story in the form of verse in English while he was in Germany named "The Child". he wrote in a new form of the same theme and gave its name to be " Sishu Tirtha". In Sept 1931, he staged "Sishu tirtha" in the form of a dumb show for two days in a professional stage with songs. He presented this show with national and international dances which became more interesting. The poet himself recited all the poems and the artists represented those poems by dances..
The poet returned to calcutta . This time the residents of Calcutta observed the Poet's 70th birth day for seven days and dedicated in his name a souvenir named " The Golden book of Tagore." which they gifted him.

Rabindranath again in London, met Bernard Shaw-1930-31

Shaw was a very witty satirist who loved to present people with the absurdity of their conventional way of thinking. His satires range widely over such subjects as heroism in war, physicians and their power over life and death, religion, the battle of the sexes, education, and heaven and hell. The prefaces to many of his plays, besides being examples of a wonderful prose style, are often funnier than the plays themselves. Among the plays to be read in the course: Arms and the Man, Major Barbara, The Doctor’s Dilemma, Androcles and the Lion, Saint Joan, and Man and Superman.

He is the only person to have been awarded both a Nobel Prize in Literature (1925) and an Oscar (1938), for his contributions to literature and for his work on the film Pygmalion (adaptation of his play of the same name), respectively.
Rabindranath came to London on 23rd Dec,1930 and met George Bernard Shaw on 8th January while he was staying at Hyde Park Hotel.He discussed a lot with George Bernard Shaw on many subjects , started for India on 15th jan 1931 and reached India on 31st Jan 1931. He was seventy years old.